Brazil Mining Royalty Collections (CFEM, Monthly)

## What this measures

The total CFEM (Compensação Financeira pela Exploração de Recursos Minerais), Brazil's federal mining royalty, paid by all mining companies and individual miners each month, from the payment records of the national mining agency, ANM. Values are in millions of Brazilian reais, nominal, by the month the royalty was paid, from June 2003.

## Why it matters

CFEM is how Brazil's mining wealth is shared with the places it comes from: by law 60% goes to the producing municipalities, 15% to the producing states, 15% to municipalities affected by mining and 10% to federal bodies. It is the most direct monthly measure of what mining pays to the public purse, and of how mining revenue is moving.

## How to read it

Higher means more royalty paid. CFEM is a percentage of mining revenue (3.5% for iron ore, 2% for copper, 1.5% for gold, for example), so it moves with prices, the exchange rate and output together. Compare with the same month a year earlier; values are not adjusted for inflation. Iron ore makes up about three quarters of the total, nearly all of it from Minas Gerais and Pará.

## What it does not say

It is royalty paid, not production. Late payments, settlements and enforcement land in the month they are paid. The latest months keep filling in for several weeks, so Palanor keeps only months that look complete (at least half the median of the twelve before). In 2026 ANM's file stopped filling after early July, so June 2026 is the newest month as of mid-October 2026.

## Source

Agência Nacional de Mineração (ANM), Brazil, open data on CFEM collections (CFEM_Arrecadacao CSV files at dadosabertos.anm.gov.br/CFEM/), listed on dados.gov.br as "Compensação Financeira pela Exploração de Recursos Minerais (CFEM)" under a Creative Commons Attribution licence. Attribution: Fonte: ANM, dados abertos da CFEM. Changes made by Palanor: payments summed by month and state, exact duplicate rows dropped (they are not in ANM's published totals), values converted to R$ millions. Annual totals match ANM's published figures within 0.15% (2023 R$6,857.6M, 2024 R$7,447.3M, 2025 R$7,909.9M). Refreshed weekly by /api/cron/brazil-cfem-sync.