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macro

Estonia · Fertility Rate · births per woman

Latest

1.18births per woman

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Methodology

## What this measures

The average number of children a woman in Estonia would have at current age-specific birth rates (total fertility rate), one value per year.

## Why it matters

Fertility sets the long-run size and age of the workforce; below about 2.1 a population eventually shrinks without migration.

## How to read it

Around 2.1 is replacement level. Higher means a younger, growing population; lower means ageing.

## What it does not say

A period measure: a delay in childbearing lowers it without changing how many children women have in the end.

## Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0 per the indicator's metadata), indicator `SP.DYN.TFRT.IN`, annual, dated December 31. Read weekly by the sovereign-panel sync, which rewrites the history so revisions carry through. Originally from UN World Population Prospects.

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