Panama · Tertiary Enrollment Gender Gap · pts (women − men)

## What this measures

The female gross tertiary enrollment ratio minus the male ratio in Panama, in percentage points, for each year both are published (1970 to 2023): a Palanor calculation from education.wb.tertiary_enrollment_female.pan and education.wb.tertiary_enrollment_male.pan.

## Why it matters

A single number for which sex is ahead in higher education and by how much. A positive and widening gap is the pattern across most of Latin America.

## How to read it

Above zero, women enroll at a higher rate than men; below zero, men do. 1970: −1.8 points; 2023: 24.8 points. UNESCO's own gender parity index (women ÷ men) tells the same story as a ratio.

## What it does not say

A difference of two gross ratios: it inherits their limits (enrollment, not completion; part-time and older students counted).

## Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS): https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.TER.ENRR.FE and SE.TER.ENRR.MA (CC BY 4.0). Palanor calculation in src/lib/health/worldbank-health.ts.