credit
Net Percentage of Banks Tightening Standards for C&I Loans to Large and Middle-Market Firms
Latest
0%
Methodology
## What this measures
Net share of domestic banks tightening standards on commercial and industrial loans to large and middle-market firms.
## Why it matters
Banks tighten before borrowers default. The SLOOS is the Fed asking lenders, every quarter, whether they are pulling credit in — and it has led every post-1990 downturn in business investment. Standards tightening while demand weakens is the credit floor cracking from both sides.
## How to read it
A net percentage: above zero means more banks tightened (or saw stronger demand) than loosened. Readings above +30 on standards have coincided with recession; sustained readings below zero are expansion conditions.
## What it does not say
It is a diffusion index of opinions, not a volume of loans. It says direction, not magnitude.
## Source
Federal Reserve Board via FRED (`DRTSCILM`). Quarterly, public.
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