GDP, Historical (Maddison): Peru

## What this measures

The size of Peru's economy in billions of 2011 international dollars: Maddison GDP per person times population. A Palanor calculation from the Maddison Project Database 2023.

## Why it matters

Total output is the measure of economic weight: how much a country or region could produce, tax and spend, over centuries.

## How to read it

Billions of 2011 international dollars (inflation- and price-level adjusted). Each point is a calendar year, dated December 31, and exists only where the database gives both GDP per person and population.

## What it does not say

It inherits the uncertainty of both parts, which is large before 1820. It is not the national accounts GDP a statistics office publishes today.

## Source

Maddison Project Database 2023 (Groningen Growth and Development Centre, University of Groningen). Cite as: Bolt, Jutta and Jan Luiten van Zanden (2024), "Maddison style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update", Journal of Economic Surveys, 1–41. DOI: 10.1111/joes.12618. Licence: Maddison Project Database, version 2023 by Jutta Bolt and Jan Luiten van Zanden, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/historicaldevelopment/maddison/releases/maddison-project-database-2023 The database asks that all original papers be cited when its data is shown in graphical form. The original sources for Peru, as the database lists them: Sources added since MPD 2013: - 1600–1812: Arroyo Abad, L. and J.L. van Zanden (2016), “Growth under Extractive Institutions? Latin American Per Capita GDP in Colonial Times” Journal of Economic History 76(4): 1182–1215. - 1812–1870: Seminario, B. (2015). El Desarrallo de la Economía Peruana en la Era Moderna, Universidad de Pacifico, Lima - 1870-1901: Bertola, L and Ocampo, J.A. (2012) The Economic Development of Latin America since Independence. Oxford, Oxford U.P, Table A2 - GDP pc: 2008 - 2022: Total Economy Database the Conference Board for all countries included in TED. Otherwise UN national accounts statistics Sources used by Angus Maddison (original dataset, last updated 2010): - 1900-1913: Maddison, A. Monitoring the World Economy, 1995 - 1913-1941: C.A. Bolona Behr, "Tariff Policies in Peru, 1880-1980", Ph.D. thesis, Oxford University, 1981; - 1942-1950: "Cuadros del producto interno bruto en dollares de 1950", CEPAL, Santiago, October 1962, mimeographed; - 1945-1950: Series Historicas del Crecimiento de America Latina, CEPAL, Santiago, 1978. Palanor multiplies GDP per person by population for each year the database gives both; that product is the only change. This is a one-off release; Palanor will load the next version when the Maddison Project publishes one.