France · Official Development Assistance, Net, Constant Prices · US$ billions

## What this measures

Net official development assistance disbursed by France each year, in US$ billions at constant prices (the OECD's most recent base year), so the years compare in real terms. Yearly from 1960.

Official development assistance (ODA) is government aid to developing countries whose main aim is their economic development and welfare, given as grants or as loans on concessional terms. It is defined and measured by the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC).

## Why it matters

It is the long view of aid: net disbursements were the DAC's headline measure until 2018, so this series runs back to the first years of the DAC.

## How to read it

Net means disbursements less repayments of earlier aid loans. Constant prices remove inflation and exchange-rate swings; the OECD rebases them each year, which rescales the whole history. The newest year is the OECD's preliminary figure, published each April; it is revised when the final figures come out around the turn of the following year, and those points are flagged preliminary.

## What it does not say

Under DAC rules ODA includes some money spent in the donor country, notably the first-year costs of hosting refugees, and administrative costs. Debt relief counts as aid in the year it is granted, which makes some years spike (the mid-2000s for several donors). Since 2018 the OECD's headline is the grant-equivalent measure, which differs from net flows by the treatment of loans.

## Source

OECD, DAC1: Flows by provider (dataflow OECD.DCD.FSD DSD_DAC1@DF_DAC1), read from the OECD Data Explorer API (sdmx.oecd.org), with the DBnomics mirror as fallback. OECD data terms (oecd.org/en/about/terms-conditions): Data may be extracted, downloaded, copied, adapted, distributed and shared "for any purpose, even for commercial use", with credit to the OECD (CC BY 4.0). Read monthly by /api/cron/oecd-dac-sync. Measure 1010, net disbursements, constant prices.