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Government Debt: the IMF's Outlook
General government gross debt, % of GDP
3 of 5 series are above their level a year earlier·1 of 5 is at a five-year high·2 of 5 are at a five-year low
Palanor forecasts are off on this chart because it already shows the IMF's own forecast (dashed). We don't draw our forecast over a published one.
Plays the chart through its history. Pauses are where the data set a record or moved most.
Dashed: IMF forecast · Oct 2026, the source's own projection, not Palanor's. The latest reading, its standing and the change above read actual data only.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook. Solid lines to the year before the newest edition are IMF history; the continuation in the same colour is the IMF's projection in that edition. General government covers central, state and local government and social security funds.
Public debt in the largest economies since 2000, and the path the IMF projects on current policies.
What this chart reads·10 series
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- United States · General Government Gross Debt (IMF)as “US”latest 2025-12-31
- United States · General Government Gross Debt, IMF Projectionas “US, projected”latest 2025-12-31
- China · General Government Gross Debt (IMF)as “China”latest 2025-12-31
- China · General Government Gross Debt, IMF Projectionas “China, projected”latest 2025-12-31
- Euro Area · General Government Gross Debt (IMF)as “Euro area”latest 2025-12-31
- Euro Area · General Government Gross Debt, IMF Projectionas “Euro area, projected”latest 2025-12-31
- Japan · General Government Gross Debt (IMF)as “Japan”latest 2025-12-31
- Japan · General Government Gross Debt, IMF Projectionas “Japan, projected”latest 2025-12-31
- India · General Government Gross Debt (IMF)as “India”latest 2025-12-31
- India · General Government Gross Debt, IMF Projectionas “India, projected”latest 2025-12-31
Sources·10 sources
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United States · General Government Gross Debt (IMF). Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2026 (the IMF's published database file, WEOOct2026all.xlsx). Figures as published, rounded to at most four decimals. Provided by the IMF "as is" and available free of charge from the IMF; the IMF does not endorse Palanor.
United States · General Government Gross Debt, IMF Projection. Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2026 (the IMF's published database file, WEOOct2026all.xlsx). Figures as published, rounded to at most four decimals. Provided by the IMF "as is" and available free of charge from the IMF; the IMF does not endorse Palanor.
China · General Government Gross Debt (IMF). Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2026 (the IMF's published database file, WEOOct2026all.xlsx). Figures as published, rounded to at most four decimals. Provided by the IMF "as is" and available free of charge from the IMF; the IMF does not endorse Palanor.
China · General Government Gross Debt, IMF Projection. Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2026 (the IMF's published database file, WEOOct2026all.xlsx). Figures as published, rounded to at most four decimals. Provided by the IMF "as is" and available free of charge from the IMF; the IMF does not endorse Palanor.
Euro Area · General Government Gross Debt (IMF). Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2026 (the IMF's published database file, WEOOct2026all.xlsx). Figures as published, rounded to at most four decimals. Provided by the IMF "as is" and available free of charge from the IMF; the IMF does not endorse Palanor.
Euro Area · General Government Gross Debt, IMF Projection. Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2026 (the IMF's published database file, WEOOct2026all.xlsx). Figures as published, rounded to at most four decimals. Provided by the IMF "as is" and available free of charge from the IMF; the IMF does not endorse Palanor.
Japan · General Government Gross Debt (IMF). Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2026 (the IMF's published database file, WEOOct2026all.xlsx). Figures as published, rounded to at most four decimals. Provided by the IMF "as is" and available free of charge from the IMF; the IMF does not endorse Palanor.
Japan · General Government Gross Debt, IMF Projection. Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2026 (the IMF's published database file, WEOOct2026all.xlsx). Figures as published, rounded to at most four decimals. Provided by the IMF "as is" and available free of charge from the IMF; the IMF does not endorse Palanor.
India · General Government Gross Debt (IMF). Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2026 (the IMF's published database file, WEOOct2026all.xlsx). Figures as published, rounded to at most four decimals. Provided by the IMF "as is" and available free of charge from the IMF; the IMF does not endorse Palanor.
India · General Government Gross Debt, IMF Projection. Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2026 (the IMF's published database file, WEOOct2026all.xlsx). Figures as published, rounded to at most four decimals. Provided by the IMF "as is" and available free of charge from the IMF; the IMF does not endorse Palanor.
Charts are drawn from Palanor's signal library and recomputed from source data on every view. Transformations (changes, indexing, year-on-year rates) are Palanor's.