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Latest reading, ranked

Research and Development Spending by Country

Gross domestic spending on R&D as a share of GDP, latest year reported, %

Israel leads at 6.35%
YTD1y2y5y10y20yAll
Source stopped·Data to 2023

Plays the chart through its history. Pauses are where a new leader takes first place.

World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Business, government, university and non-profit R&D. The latest year differs by country: India and Australia report later than the rest. Taiwan is not in the World Bank data.

How much of its economic output each country spends on research and development, in its latest reported year. Israel and South Korea spend the largest shares; the world and OECD averages are shown for reference.

What this chart reads·25 series

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Sources·25 sources

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United States · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

China · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Japan · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

South Korea · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Israel · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Germany · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

France · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

United Kingdom · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Sweden · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

India · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Australia · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Canada · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Switzerland · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Netherlands · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Finland · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Denmark · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Austria · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Belgium · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Italy · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Spain · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Brazil · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Singapore · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

World · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

OECD members · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

European Union · R&D Spending · % of GDP. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), via World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Licence per the World Bank's indicator metadata: CC BY 4.0. Attribution: World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0), compiled from UNESCO Institute for Statistics data. Palanor reads it each month and rewrites the history, so revisions carry through.

Charts are drawn from Palanor's signal library and recomputed from source data on every view. Transformations (changes, indexing, year-on-year rates) are Palanor's.

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