Portugal
Everything Palanor holds about Portugal, in one place: 215 public signals, what its economy runs on, how often America’s largest companies name it, the news that names it, and Country Posture. Every figure is computed from stored readings and carries its source and date.
EuropeEuropean UnionEuro AreaOECD
The latest read
- GDP in current U.S. dollars: $346.6 billion (2025); record high since 1960; 1y +10.5%.
- Real GDP growth: 1.86% (2025); 35th percentile since 1961; lowest since 2020; 1y −0.35 pts.
- Consumer price inflation: 2.34% (2025); 23rd percentile since 1960; lowest since 2021; 1y −0.08 pts.
- Unemployment: 6.16% (2025); 30th percentile since 1991; lowest since 2022; 1y −0.34 pts.
- Household consumption, share of GDP: 61% of GDP (2025); 4th percentile since 1990; 1y +0.17 pts.
- Net exports, share of GDP: 0.92% of GDP (2025); 85th percentile since 1990; lowest since 2022; 1y −1.06 pts.
Country Posture
What Portugal’s economy is doing
Momentum
2025Inputs only. Did not pass the pre-registered back-test: 1996–2009: AUC 0.590 below 0.60; AUC 0.590 below the single-input baseline (0.624); 2010–2022: AUC 0.595 below 0.60; AUC 0.595 below the single-input baseline (0.641).
Inputs
| Real GDP growth | 1.9 |
| Growth against its three-year average | -2.2 |
| Change in unemployment | -0.3 |
| Change in the employment rate | -0.1 |
| Export volume growth | — |
| OECD leading indicator | — |
Resilience
202569Moderate buffers
0 = thin buffers · 100 = deep buffers
Moved most by reserves, months of imports (up) and current account (down) since the year before.
Inputs
| Interest as a share of revenue (2024) | 5.4 | 74 |
| Budget balance (2024) | 0.4 | 86 |
| Reserves, months of imports | 4.7 | 72 |
| Current account | 1.2 | 76 |
| Governance (WGI mean) | 0.90 | 44 |
| External debt | — | — |
Pressure
2025Inputs only. Did not pass the pre-registered back-test: 1996–2009: AUC 0.657 below the single-input baseline (0.672).
Inputs
| Inflation | 2.3 |
| Change in inflation | -0.1 |
| Currency move against the dollar | -4.3% |
| Conflict deaths per million | 0.0 |
| Political stability | 0.70 |
| Private credit, three-year change (2024) | -21.7 |
| Bond spread over U.S. Treasuries | -1.2 |
Posture describes what an economy is doing; it is not a rating and never ranks countries. Each input is read against the country’s own history and against every other economy that year. An axis shows a score only after passing a back-test fixed before any result was computed. Method and back-test.
Country Schemas
Where Portugal is in its cycles
Where Portugal sits in eight long cycles, each read from published statistics against a method fixed before any reading was computed. A stage describes; it is not a rating, and no stage is better or worse than another.
- Development stage
High mass consumption92% · 2025
Pre-take-offTake-offDrive to maturityHigh mass consumption20002025
- Demographic stage
Declining98% · 2025
High stationaryEarly expandingLate expandingLow stationaryDeclining20002025
- Debt cycle stage
Deleveraging84% · 2025
Early cycleLeveragingLate cycleDeleveraging20002025
- External balance stage
Debt repayer77% · 2025
Immature debtorMature debtorDebt repayerImmature creditorMature creditorCredit disinvestor20002025
- Export structure stage
Manufacturing exporter97% · 2025
Commodity-reliantDiversifyingManufacturing exporterComplex exporter20002025
- Structural pressure
Low49% · 2025
LowBuildingHighAcute20002025
- Middle-class stage
Affluent99% · 2025
Pre-middle-classEmerging middle classMiddle-class majorityAffluent20032025
- Electoral cycle
Mid-term99% · 2026-10
Post-electionMid-termPre-election2024-042026-10
Passport reach
Where a Portugal passport opens doors
The share of world GDP, outside Portugal itself, in the economies whose published rules let a holder of this passport in, as of October 2026. Palanor records the rules of destinations holding 88% of world GDP, from each government’s own list, and weights them by World Bank GDP for 2025. Rank is among 199 passports.
Work
36.6%rank 4 of 199
the right to work (free movement in full; treaty and working-holiday routes at half); 30 destinations in full, 6 at half.
Recorded changes
Investment migration programs
- Autorização de Residência para Investimento (ARI / Golden Visa) residence · OpenGovernment minimum $288,576 for one person, $311,981 for a family of four (agent fees excluded). 2,081 permits granted in 2024, 0.19 per 1,000 residents.
Reach is shown here and not weighted into Country Strength: it rewards membership of a free-movement area or a treaty more than the strength of an economy. Entry is always at the border officer’s discretion, and conditions (length of stay, fees, age limits) vary. Method, sources and the full ranking: Passports and citizenship.
Palanor calculation from each destination government's published rules; GDP weights from the World Bank (CC BY 4.0), one year for the whole line, so it moves only when a list changes.
GDP by expenditure
What Portugal’s economy runs on
In 2025, household spending was 61.0% of GDP, government consumption 17.1%, investment 21.0% and net exports +0.9% (exports 43.7%, imports 42.7%).
World Bank national accounts. The parts can miss 100 by a few points (the statistical discrepancy).
Same World Bank definition for every country, so the shares compare directly: What each economy runs on.
IMF World Economic Outlook
The IMF’s outlook for Portugal
The latest year before the October 2026 edition (often still an IMF estimate) and the IMF’s own projections. These are the IMF’s published forecasts, shown as published; Palanor does not project them further. Since the previous edition the IMF raised its growth forecast for this year by 0.2 percentage points (Palanor calculation).
| Measure | 2025 | 2026 IMF f’cast | 2027 IMF f’cast | 2031 IMF f’cast |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Real GDP growth% | 1.9 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.6 |
| Inflation, average consumer prices% | 2.2 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 1.9 |
| Unemployment rate% of labor force | 6.0 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.7 |
| GDP, current US dollarsUS$ bn | 346.4 | 375.2 | 393.6 | 457.9 |
| GDP at purchasing-power parityintl $ bn | 541.1 | 571.0 | 600.0 | 691.7 |
| GDP per person, US dollarsUS$ | 32,064 | 34,815 | 36,618 | 42,961 |
| Current account balance% of GDP | 1.2 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 0.3 |
| Government gross debt% of GDP | 89.7 | 85.1 | 81.0 | 72.0 |
| Government net debt% of GDP | 85.3 | 80.8 | 76.7 | 67.6 |
| Government overall balance% of GDP | 0.7 | 0.0 | -0.0 | -1.3 |
| Government primary balance% of GDP | 2.4 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 0.7 |
| Government net interest paid% of GDP · Palanor calc. | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.0 |
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database (edition on the projection). Dashed: the IMF's published projection.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database (edition on the projection). Dashed: the IMF's published projection.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2026. Provided by the IMF “as is” and free of charge from the IMF; the IMF does not endorse Palanor. Net interest paid is a Palanor calculation: the IMF's primary balance minus its overall balance.
Charts
The headline series
News
In the news
- Portuguese Federation suspends Cristiano Ronaldo for team walkout
Portugal's football federation imposed a preventive suspension and opened disciplinary proceedings after the star forward left the team gathering.
Palanor Wire2026-10-10negative · -suspends
- Cristiano Ronaldo leaves Portugal camp after dispute with coach
Cristiano Ronaldo left Portugal's national team camp after a dispute with coach Jorge Jesus over playing time.
Palanor Wire2026-10-01neutral
- Immigration has strained public services across the Iberian peninsula. Register for free to learn what Spain could learn from Portugal’s approach
The Economist · Bluesky2026-10-21neutral
- “La guerra de los chicos”. De Albania a Portugal: la Generación Z se rebeló y Europa tiembla por las protestas
La Nación (Argentina)2026-10-21neutral
- Portugal queda sacudido por las protestas y la policía desaloja un acampe en una plaza emblemática
La Nación (Argentina)2026-10-20neutral
- Castigo y multa: la sanción de Portugal a Cristiano Ronaldo tras fugarse de la concentración en la fecha FIFA
La Tercera2026-10-20neutral
- Cristiano Ronaldo fue suspendido y multado por una irrisoria suma de dinero tras abandonar la concentración de Portugal
La Nación (Argentina)2026-10-19neutral
- Cuatro startups chilenas van por un cupo a la final mundial de emprendimiento en Portugal
La Tercera2026-10-15neutral
- Lufthansa wins battle to buy stake in Portugal’s TAP
FT Companies2026-10-14positive · +wins
- Lufthansa set to win bidding for stake in Portugal's TAP, SIC reports reut.rs/4ihy498
Reuters · Bluesky2026-10-13positive · +win
- Cristiano Ronaldo suspended by Portugal FA after leaving camp, criticizing coach
Marketaux (financial news API)2026-10-10neutral
- La Federación de Portugal sorprende y sanciona a Cristiano Ronaldo
La Tercera2026-10-10neutral
- Madre de Cristiano Ronaldo defiende al jugador tras dejar la selección de Portugal: “Ha sido el héroe y no lo valoran”
La Tercera2026-10-10neutral
- Ronaldo returns to action after Portugal row, scores during Al-Nassr win
Marketaux (financial news API)2026-10-10positive · +win
Headlines that name Portugal, matched by name with fixed rules (a wrong match is worse than a missing one). Tone is read from each headline’s own words; no model reads or summarizes an article, and other publishers’ stories link out.
Company graph
Companies headquartered in Portugal
Palanor’s company graph holds 78 entities headquartered here (GLEIF headquarters address, else legal address).
Signals
Every series about Portugal
Grouped by theme, the most-read first. All 215 in the Library.
Growth and output10 of 53
- GDP per Person, Historical (Maddison): Portugalrecord high since 1; 1y +6.8%28,9922022
- Population, Historical (Maddison): Portugal89th percentile since 1; lowest since 1999; 1y −0.1%10,199,790 people2022
- GDP, Historical (Maddison): Portugalrecord high since 1; 1y +6.7%295.72022
- Portugal · GDP · USD bn (current)record high since 1960; 1y +10.5%$346.6bn2025
- Portugal · Real GDP Growth · % y/y35th percentile since 1961; lowest since 2020; 1y −0.35 pts1.86%2025
- Portugal · GDP per Capita · PPP USDrecord high since 1990; 1y +1.2%53,146 usd2025
- Portugal · Country Strengthrecord high since 1990; 1y +1.7%72.3 index2025
- Portugal · Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added · % of GDP24th percentile since 1995; lowest since 2022; 1y −0.059 pts1.96% of GDP2025
- Portugal · GDP per Person · €record high since 1995; 1y +4.9%28,560 € per person2025
- Portugal · Household Net Financial Assets · % of disposable income76th percentile since 1995; 1y +0.21 pts193.9% of disposable income2025
Prices4 of 6
- Portugal Consumer Price Index (OECD)record high since Jan 2010; 1y +3.6%129 index2026-09-01
- Portugal Inflation Rate (CPI, % y/y, OECD)88th percentile since Jan 2011; highest since Aug 2023; 1y +1.21 pts3.61% y/y2026-09-01
- Portugal Purchasing Power Since 2019 (100 = January 2019)record low since Jan 2019; 1y −3.5%792026-09-01
- Portugal · Inflation · CPI % y/y23rd percentile since 1960; lowest since 2021; 1y −0.08 pts2.34%2025
Jobs and people at work6 of 7
- Portugal · Unemployment Rate (OECD Harmonised, Monthly)13th percentile since Jan 1983; 1y −0.2 pts5.7% of labour force2026-08-01
- Portugal Unemployment Rate (Monthly, Eurostat)10th percentile since Jan 2000; 1y −0.2 pts5.7%2026-08-01
- Average annual hours worked · Portugal79th percentile since 1990; lowest since 2022; 1y −0.4%1,764.3 hours2025
- Portugal · Female Labor Force Participation · %71st percentile since 1990; lowest since 2022; 1y −0.26 pts54.6%2025
- Portugal · Male Labor Force Participation · %4th percentile since 1990; lowest since 2021; 1y −0.3 pts62.1%2025
- Portugal · Unemployment Rate · %30th percentile since 1991; lowest since 2022; 1y −0.34 pts6.16%2025
Money, rates and credit1 of 2
- Portugal 10-Year Government Bond Yield (Monthly)41st percentile since Jul 1993; highest since Mar 2017; 1y +0.72 pts3.85%2026-09-01
Stock market and listed companies2
- Portugal Share Prices (OECD, 2015 = 100)record high since Jan 1988; 1y +26.3%2582026-09-01
- Portugal Share Prices, Change Over a Year (OECD)81st percentile since Jan 1989; highest since May 2026; 1y +16.69 pts26.3% y/y2026-09-01
Government and debt10 of 19
- Portugal · Interest · % of Expense (central govt)9th percentile since 1975; highest since 2020; 1y +0.82 pts5.73%2023
- Portugal · Budget Balance · % GDP (central govt)97th percentile since 1975; 1y −69.6%0.41 pct_gdp2024
- Portugal · Interest · % of Revenue (central govt)8th percentile since 1975; 1y −0.1 pts5.41%2024
- Portugal · Public Social Spending: Total (% of GDP)82nd percentile since 1980; highest since 2021; 1y +1.13 pts24.1% of GDP2024
- Portugal · Public Social Spending: Family (% of GDP)89th percentile since 1980; 1y −0.06 pts1.32% of GDP2021
- Portugal · Public Social Spending: Health and Disability (% of GDP)95th percentile since 1980; highest since 2005; 1y +0.18 pts8.94% of GDP2021
- Portugal · Public Social Spending: Old Age and Survivors (% of GDP)85th percentile since 1980; 1y −0.7 pts13% of GDP2021
- Portugal · Public Social Spending: Other Social Policy (% of GDP)87th percentile since 1980; highest since 2010; 1y +0.1 pts0.87% of GDP2021
- Portugal · Public Social Spending: Unemployment (% of GDP)92nd percentile since 1980; 1y −0.07 pts1.38% of GDP2021
- Portugal · 10-Year Government Bond Yield · annual avg24th percentile since 1990; 1y +0.12 pts3.08%2025
Trade and capital flows5 of 6
- Portugal · Nights at Tourist Accommodation (monthly)record high since Jan 1990; 1y +0.6%12.7 million nights2026-08-01
- Portugal · Current Account · % GDP87th percentile since 1975; 1y −53.1%1.19 pct_gdp2025
- Portugal · Share of Tourist Nights by Visitors from Abroad (annual)93rd percentile since 1990; 1y −0.62 pts67.1% of nights2025
- Portugal · Tourism Intensity: Nights per Resident (annual)record high since 1990; 1y +0.5%8.322025
- Portugal · Net International Investment Position, % of GDP (IMF)78th percentile since 1996; highest since 2001; 1y +4.30 pts-51.9% of GDP2025
Energy and resources10 of 24
- Portugal · Business Electricity Price (incl. taxes) · € per kWh88th percentile since Jul 2007; lowest since Jan 2024; 1y −3.3%0.16 € per kWh2026-01-01
- Portugal · Household Electricity Price (incl. taxes) · € per kWh88th percentile since Jul 2007; lowest since Jul 2023; 1y −1.0%0.24 € per kWh2026-01-01
- Portugal · Bioenergy Share of Electricity Generation79th percentile since 2000; lowest since 2019; 1y −1.31 pts6.62% of generation2025
- Portugal · Carbon Intensity of Electricity6th percentile since 2000; 1y +15.6%127.8 gCO2e/kWh2025
- Portugal · Coal Share of Electricity Generationrecord low since 2000; 1y unchanged0% of generation2025
- Portugal · Electricity Generation63rd percentile since 2000; highest since 2020; 1y +8.1%51.1 TWh2025
- Portugal · Gas Share of Electricity Generation17th percentile since 2000; 1y +4.59 pts16.5% of generation2025
- Portugal · Hydro Share of Electricity Generation79th percentile since 2000; 1y −1.74 pts29.7% of generation2025
- Portugal · Other Fossil Fuels Share of Electricity Generation17th percentile since 2000; lowest since 2020; 1y −0.27 pts2.63% of generation2025
- Portugal · Other Renewables Share of Electricity Generation56th percentile since 2000; lowest since 2021; 1y −0.03 pts0.39% of generation2025
Conflict and geopolitics5 of 11
- U.S. Active-Duty Troops in Portugal (DMDC)55th percentile since Sep 2008; highest since Jun 2024; 1y +5.1%248 persons2026-08-31
- Portugal · Governance · WGI six-dimension mean6th percentile since 1996; lowest since 2013; 1y −0.2%0.9 index2025
- Portugal · Political Stability · WGI6th percentile since 1996; 1y +7.3%0.7 index2025
- Portugal · Regulatory Quality · WGIrecord low since 1996; 1y −16.1%0.56 index2025
- Portugal · Rule of Law · WGI28th percentile since 1996; highest since 2022; 1y +4.4%1.05 index2025
Aid in and out2
- Portugal · Foreign Aid (Official Development Assistance) · US$ billions85th percentile since 2015; 1y −7.8%0.6 US$ billions2025
- Portugal · ODA as % of GNI63rd percentile since 2018; 1y −0.03 pts0.19% of GNI2025
Migration4 of 6
- International Migrant Stock: Portugal (UN)record high since 19901,127,184 people2024
- International Migrants as a Share of Population: Portugal (UN)record high since 199010.8% of population2024
- U.S.-Born People Living in Portugal (UN)record high since 19908,977 people2024
- Change in Migrant Share of Population Since 2000: Portugal (UN)4.482024
AI stance and technology3 of 5
- Portugal · R&D Spending per Person · € per inhabitantrecord high since 1982; 1y +9.3%471.82024
- Portugal · R&D Spending · % of GDPrecord high since 1995; 1y +0.05 pts1.73% of GDP2024
- AI User Share: Portugal (Microsoft AI Diffusion)1y +5.00 pts27.4% of people aged 15-642026-06-30
Climate and the physical world4 of 6
- Portugal · Arable Land · % of land2nd percentile since 1961; 1y +0.08 pts9.33% of land area2024
- Portugal · Renewable Freshwater · m³ per person19th percentile since 1961; lowest since 2013; 1y −0.7%3,6422022
- Portugal · Forest Area · % of land70th percentile since 1990; highest since 1999; 1y +0.07 pts36.7%2024
- Portugal · PM2.5 Exposure · µg/m³7th percentile since 1990; 1y +5.6%8.29 µg/m³2020
Health and living standards10 of 13
- Portugal · Life Expectancy at Birth · yearsrecord high since 1960; 1y +0.1%82.4 years2024
- Portugal · Access to Electricity · % of populationrecord high since 1990; 1y unchanged100%2024
- Portugal · Human Development Index · UNDPrecord high since 1990; 1y +0.8%0.89 index2023
- Portugal · Antidepressants: Daily Doses per 1,000 Peoplerecord high since 2000; 1y +7.9%174.42025
- Portugal · Anxiolytics (Anti-Anxiety Drugs): Daily Doses per 1,000 Peoplerecord low since 2000; 1y −2.7%72.72025
- Portugal · Sleeping Pills (Hypnotics and Sedatives): Daily Doses per 1,000 Peoplerecord low since 2000; 1y unchanged15.42025
- Portugal · Basic Drinking Water Access · % of populationrecord high since 2000; 1y +0.01 pts99.3%2024
- Portugal · Safely Managed Drinking Water · % of populationrecord high since 2000; 1y +0.05 pts95.2%2024
- Portugal · Undernourishment · % of populationrecord high since 2001; 1y unchanged2.5%2024
- Portugal · Extreme Poverty ($3.00 a day) · % of population43rd percentile since 2003; highest since 2020; 1y +0.2 pts0.4%2023
Sentiment and attention1
- Portugal · Search Attention85th percentile since Sep 2021; 1y +3.8%27 index2026-09-20
More about this country2 of 18
- Portugal · IMF Credit Outstanding · USD bn (IMF)record low since Jan 1976; 1y unchanged$0bn2026-09-01
- Portugal · IMF Credit Outstanding, % of GDPrecord low since 1980; 1y unchanged0% of GDP2025
Peers
Elsewhere in Europe
Alphabetical. Palanor does not rank countries.
AlbaniaAndorraAustriaBelarusBelgiumBosnia and HerzegovinaBulgariaCroatiaCzechiaDenmarkEstoniaFaroe IslandsFinlandFranceGermanyGibraltarGreeceGuernseyHungaryIcelandIrelandIsle of ManItalyJerseyKosovoLatviaLiechtensteinLithuaniaLuxembourgMaltaMoldovaMonacoMontenegroNetherlandsNorth MacedoniaNorwayPolandRomaniaRussiaSan MarinoSerbiaSlovakiaSloveniaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandUkraineUnited KingdomVatican City