Luxembourg
Everything Palanor holds about Luxembourg, in one place: 192 public signals, what its economy runs on, how often America’s largest companies name it, the news that names it, and Country Posture. Every figure is computed from stored readings and carries its source and date.
EuropeEuropean UnionEuro AreaOECD
The latest read
- GDP in current U.S. dollars: $101.2 billion (2025); record high since 1960; 1y +8.4%.
- Real GDP growth: 0.64% (2025); 16th percentile since 1961; highest since 2021; 1y +0.28 pts.
- Consumer price inflation: 2.26% (2025); 40th percentile since 1960; 1y +0.21 pts.
- Unemployment: 6.34% (2025); 87th percentile since 1991; 1y −0.06 pts.
- Household consumption, share of GDP: 33.5% of GDP (2025); 29th percentile since 1990; highest since 2019; 1y +0.18 pts.
- Net exports, share of GDP: 31.2% of GDP (2025); 60th percentile since 1990; lowest since 2019; 1y −0.64 pts.
Country Posture
What Luxembourg’s economy is doing
Momentum
2025Inputs only. Did not pass the pre-registered back-test: 1996–2009: AUC 0.590 below 0.60; AUC 0.590 below the single-input baseline (0.624); 2010–2022: AUC 0.595 below 0.60; AUC 0.595 below the single-input baseline (0.641).
Inputs
| Real GDP growth | 0.6 |
| Growth against its three-year average | 0.9 |
| Change in unemployment | -0.1 |
| Change in the employment rate | -0.2 |
| Export volume growth | — |
| OECD leading indicator | — |
Resilience
202555Moderate buffers
0 = thin buffers · 100 = deep buffers
Moved most by governance (wgi mean) (down) since the year before.
Inputs
| Interest as a share of revenue (2024) | 0.6 | 79 |
| Budget balance (2024) | 0.8 | 61 |
| Reserves, months of imports | 0.1 | 44 |
| Current account | 0.6 | 33 |
| Governance (WGI mean) | 1.67 | 55 |
| External debt | — | — |
Pressure
2025Inputs only. Did not pass the pre-registered back-test: 1996–2009: AUC 0.657 below the single-input baseline (0.672).
Inputs
| Inflation | 2.3 |
| Change in inflation | 0.2 |
| Currency move against the dollar | -4.3% |
| Conflict deaths per million | 0.0 |
| Political stability | 1.19 |
| Private credit, three-year change (2024) | -17.9 |
| Bond spread over U.S. Treasuries | -1.4 |
Posture describes what an economy is doing; it is not a rating and never ranks countries. Each input is read against the country’s own history and against every other economy that year. An axis shows a score only after passing a back-test fixed before any result was computed. Method and back-test.
Country Schemas
Where Luxembourg is in its cycles
Where Luxembourg sits in eight long cycles, each read from published statistics against a method fixed before any reading was computed. A stage describes; it is not a rating, and no stage is better or worse than another.
- Development stage
High mass consumption100% · 2025
Pre-take-offTake-offDrive to maturityHigh mass consumption20002025
- Demographic stage
Low stationary98% · 2025
High stationaryEarly expandingLate expandingLow stationaryDeclining20002025
- Debt cycle stage
Early cycle46% · 2025
Early cycleLeveragingLate cycleDeleveraging20002025
- External balance stage
Debt repayer55% · 2025
Immature debtorMature debtorDebt repayerImmature creditorMature creditorCredit disinvestor20002025
- Export structure stage
Manufacturing exporter95% · 2025
Commodity-reliantDiversifyingManufacturing exporterComplex exporter20002025
- Structural pressure
Low91% · 2025
LowBuildingHighAcute20002025
- Middle-class stage
Affluent99% · 2025
Pre-middle-classEmerging middle classMiddle-class majorityAffluent20002025
- Electoral cycle
Mid-term99% · 2026-10
Post-electionMid-termPre-election2020-012026-10
Passport reach
Where a Luxembourg passport opens doors
The share of world GDP, outside Luxembourg itself, in the economies whose published rules let a holder of this passport in, as of October 2026. Palanor records the rules of destinations holding 88% of world GDP, from each government’s own list, and weights them by World Bank GDP for 2025. Rank is among 199 passports.
Work
36.8%rank 2 of 199
the right to work (free movement in full; treaty and working-holiday routes at half); 30 destinations in full, 6 at half.
Recorded changes
Reach is shown here and not weighted into Country Strength: it rewards membership of a free-movement area or a treaty more than the strength of an economy. Entry is always at the border officer’s discretion, and conditions (length of stay, fees, age limits) vary. Method, sources and the full ranking: Passports and citizenship.
Palanor calculation from each destination government's published rules; GDP weights from the World Bank (CC BY 4.0), one year for the whole line, so it moves only when a list changes.
GDP by expenditure
What Luxembourg’s economy runs on
In 2025, household spending was 33.5% of GDP, government consumption 19.9%, investment 15.5% and net exports +31.2% (exports 190.5%, imports 159.4%).
World Bank national accounts. The parts can miss 100 by a few points (the statistical discrepancy).
Same World Bank definition for every country, so the shares compare directly: What each economy runs on.
IMF World Economic Outlook
The IMF’s outlook for Luxembourg
The latest year before the October 2026 edition (often still an IMF estimate) and the IMF’s own projections. These are the IMF’s published forecasts, shown as published; Palanor does not project them further. Since the previous edition the IMF cut its growth forecast for this year by 0.5 percentage points (Palanor calculation).
| Measure | 2025 | 2026 IMF f’cast | 2027 IMF f’cast | 2031 IMF f’cast |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Real GDP growth% | 0.6 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 2.0 |
| Inflation, average consumer prices% | 2.5 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 2.0 |
| Unemployment rate% of labor force | 6.0 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 6.2 |
| GDP, current US dollarsUS$ bn | 101.1 | 108.3 | 112.7 | 131.9 |
| GDP at purchasing-power parityintl $ bn | 104.3 | 109.0 | 114.2 | 133.5 |
| GDP per person, US dollarsUS$ | 148,247 | 155,733 | 158,868 | 171,677 |
| Current account balance% of GDP | 4.8 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 4.1 |
| Government gross debt% of GDP | 26.5 | 28.5 | 30.0 | 39.7 |
| Government net debt% of GDP | -3.2 | -0.0 | 2.7 | 16.5 |
| Government overall balance% of GDP | -2.0 | -2.0 | -2.0 | -4.3 |
| Government primary balance% of GDP | -2.4 | -2.2 | -2.2 | -3.8 |
| Government net interest paid% of GDP · Palanor calc. | -0.4 | -0.2 | -0.1 | 0.5 |
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database (edition on the projection). Dashed: the IMF's published projection.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database (edition on the projection). Dashed: the IMF's published projection.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2026. Provided by the IMF “as is” and free of charge from the IMF; the IMF does not endorse Palanor. Net interest paid is a Palanor calculation: the IMF's primary balance minus its overall balance.
Charts
The headline series
Company graph
Companies headquartered in Luxembourg
Palanor’s company graph holds 1,410 entities headquartered here, 1 with a listed ticker (GLEIF headquarters address, else legal address).
- ArcelorMittalMT · Luxembourg
Signals
Every series about Luxembourg
Grouped by theme, the most-read first. All 192 in the Library.
Growth and output10 of 46
- Luxembourg · GDP · USD bn (current)record high since 1960; 1y +8.4%$101.2bn2025
- Luxembourg · Real GDP Growth · % y/y16th percentile since 1961; highest since 2021; 1y +0.28 pts0.64%2025
- Luxembourg · Country Strength38th percentile since 1990; highest since 2021; 1y +7.7%79.4 index2025
- Luxembourg · GDP per Capita · PPP USDrecord high since 1990; 1y +0.3%156,542 usd2025
- Luxembourg · Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added · % of GDP24th percentile since 1995; highest since 2022; 1y +0.0227 pts0.23% of GDP2025
- Luxembourg · GDP per Person · €record high since 1995; 1y +3.3%132,950 € per person2025
- Luxembourg · Industry (incl. Construction) Value Added · % of GDPrecord low since 1995; 1y −0.784 pts8.88% of GDP2025
- Luxembourg · Manufacturing Value Added · % of GDPrecord low since 1995; 1y −0.24 pts3.72% of GDP2025
- Luxembourg · Services Value Added · % of GDP95th percentile since 1995; 1y +0.266 pts81.4% of GDP2025
- Luxembourg: GDP per Hour Worked at Purchasing-Power Parity31st percentile since 1995; 1y +0.0%1802025
Prices4 of 6
- Luxembourg Consumer Price Index (OECD)record high since Jan 2010; 1y +2.9%130.3 index2026-09-01
- Luxembourg Inflation Rate (CPI, % y/y, OECD)76th percentile since Jan 2011; highest since Apr 2026; 1y +0.3 pts2.94% y/y2026-09-01
- Luxembourg Purchasing Power Since 2019 (100 = January 2019)record low since Jan 2019; 1y −2.9%79.42026-09-01
- Luxembourg · Inflation · CPI % y/y40th percentile since 1960; 1y +0.21 pts2.26%2025
Jobs and people at work6 of 7
- Luxembourg · Unemployment Rate (OECD Harmonised, Monthly)99th percentile since Jan 1983; highest since Jun 2020; 1y +0.9 pts7.3% of labour force2026-08-01
- Luxembourg Unemployment Rate (Monthly, Eurostat)99th percentile since Jan 2000; highest since Jun 2020; 1y +0.9 pts7.3%2026-08-01
- Average annual hours worked · Luxembourg4th percentile since 1990; lowest since 2020; 1y −0.5%1,459 hours2025
- Luxembourg · Female Labor Force Participation · %96th percentile since 1990; 1y −0.18 pts57.5%2025
- Luxembourg · Male Labor Force Participation · %49th percentile since 1990; lowest since 2022; 1y −0.35 pts65.5%2025
- Luxembourg · Unemployment Rate · %87th percentile since 1991; 1y −0.06 pts6.34%2025
Money, rates and credit1 of 2
- Luxembourg 10-Year Government Bond Yield (Monthly)58th percentile since Oct 1993; highest since Apr 2011; 1y +0.512 pts3.4%2026-08-01
Stock market and listed companies2
- Luxembourg Share Prices (OECD, 2015 = 100)89th percentile since Jan 1999; 1y +57.5%166.22026-09-01
- Luxembourg Share Prices, Change Over a Year (OECD)95th percentile since Jan 2000; 1y +32.04 pts57.5% y/y2026-09-01
Government and debt10 of 19
- Luxembourg · Budget Balance · % GDP (central govt)28th percentile since 1972; highest since 2021; 1y +1.150.82 pct_gdp2024
- Luxembourg · Interest · % of Revenue (central govt)31st percentile since 1972; highest since 2019; 1y +0.04 pts0.63%2024
- Luxembourg · Interest · % of Expense (central govt)26th percentile since 1972; highest since 2019; 1y +0.25 pts0.6%2023
- Luxembourg · Public Social Spending: Total (% of GDP)record high since 1980; 1y +0.56 pts24% of GDP2024
- Luxembourg · Public Social Spending: Family (% of GDP)63rd percentile since 1980; lowest since 2017; 1y −0.57 pts3.19% of GDP2021
- Luxembourg · Public Social Spending: Health and Disability (% of GDP)20th percentile since 1980; 1y −0.46 pts7.58% of GDP2021
- Luxembourg · Public Social Spending: Old Age and Survivors (% of GDP)68th percentile since 1980; lowest since 2018; 1y −0.43 pts8.63% of GDP2021
- Luxembourg · Public Social Spending: Other Social Policy (% of GDP)85th percentile since 1980; lowest since 2015; 1y −0.2 pts1.3% of GDP2021
- Luxembourg · Public Social Spending: Unemployment (% of GDP)85th percentile since 1980; 1y −0.71 pts0.85% of GDP2021
- Luxembourg · Budget Balance · % GDP4th percentile since 1990; lowest since 2020; 1y −2.87-1.96 pct_gdp2025
Trade and capital flows7 of 8
- Luxembourg's Share of Foreign-Held U.S. Treasuries99th percentile since Jun 2002; highest since Dec 2024; 1y +0.361 pts4.8% of foreign holdings2026-08-01
- U.S. Treasury Securities Held in Luxembourgrecord high since Jun 2002; 1y +9.1%448.2 $ billions2026-08-01
- Luxembourg's Share of Foreign-Held U.S. Equities · %15th percentile since Sep 2011; highest since Feb 2025; 1y +0.272 pts7% of foreign holdings2026-08-01
- U.S. Equities Held in Luxembourg · USD bnrecord high since Sep 2011; 1y +27.9%1,761.8 $ billions2026-08-01
- Luxembourg · Tourism Intensity: Nights per Resident (annual)39th percentile since 1990; lowest since 2022; 1y −4.1%5.262025
- Luxembourg · Current Account · % GDPrecord low since 1999; 1y −50.0%0.58 pct_gdp2025
- Luxembourg · Net International Investment Position, % of GDP (IMF)35th percentile since 2002; lowest since 2011; 1y −20.51 pts28% of GDP2025
Energy and resources4 of 8
- Luxembourg · Business Electricity Price (incl. taxes) · € per kWh81st percentile since Jan 2007; lowest since Jan 2022; 1y −24.0%0.15 € per kWh2026-01-01
- Luxembourg · Household Electricity Price (incl. taxes) · € per kWh86th percentile since Jan 2007; lowest since Jul 2023; 1y −24.1%0.2 € per kWh2026-01-01
- Luxembourg · Wind and Solar Share of Electricity Generationrecord high since 2000; 1y +5.97 pts60.8% of generation2025
- Luxembourg · Electric Car Share of New Car Sales1y −1.00 pts35% of new car sales2025
Conflict and geopolitics4 of 10
- Luxembourg · Governance · WGI six-dimension mean13th percentile since 1996; lowest since 2005; 1y −0.8%1.67 index2025
- Luxembourg · Political Stability · WGI20th percentile since 1996; highest since 2020; 1y +9.9%1.19 index2025
- Luxembourg · Regulatory Quality · WGI17th percentile since 1996; lowest since 2017; 1y −6.2%1.64 index2025
- Luxembourg · Rule of Law · WGI30th percentile since 1996; lowest since 2009; 1y −1.7%1.71 index2025
Aid in and out2
- Luxembourg · Foreign Aid (Official Development Assistance) · US$ billionsrecord high since 2015; 1y +16.4%0.69 US$ billions2025
- Luxembourg · ODA as % of GNI31st percentile since 2018; 1y −0.01 pts0.99% of GNI2025
Migration4 of 6
- International Migrant Stock: Luxembourg (UN)record high since 1990344,309 people2024
- International Migrants as a Share of Population: Luxembourg (UN)record high since 199051.2% of population2024
- U.S.-Born People Living in Luxembourg (UN)record high since 19903,433 people2024
- Change in Migrant Share of Population Since 2000: Luxembourg (UN)19.12024
AI stance and technology4 of 6
- Luxembourg · R&D Spending · % of GDP7th percentile since 2000; lowest since 2021; 1y −0.02 pts1.04% of GDP2024
- Luxembourg · R&D Spending per Person · € per inhabitantrecord high since 2000; 1y +1.3%1,329.12024
- Global Innovation Index Rank: Luxembourg1y unchanged23 rank2026
- Global Innovation Index Score: Luxembourg1y −1.5%46.6 score (0–100)2026
Climate and the physical world4 of 6
- Luxembourg · Renewable Freshwater · m³ per personrecord low since 1961; 1y −2.0%1,5312022
- Luxembourg · Arable Land · % of land14th percentile since 2000; lowest since 2007; 1y −0.02 pts23.8% of land area2024
- Luxembourg · Forest Area · % of landrecord high since 2000; 1y unchanged34.5%2024
- Luxembourg · PM2.5 Exposure · µg/m³7th percentile since 1990; 1y +2.4%8.67 µg/m³2020
Health and living standards10 of 13
- Luxembourg · Life Expectancy at Birth · years98th percentile since 1960; 1y −0.1%83.2 years2024
- Luxembourg · Extreme Poverty ($3.00 a day) · % of population77th percentile since 1985; 1y unchanged0.1%2023
- Luxembourg · Access to Electricity · % of populationrecord high since 1990; 1y unchanged100%2024
- Luxembourg · Human Development Index · UNDP94th percentile since 1990; 1y unchanged0.92 index2023
- Luxembourg · Basic Drinking Water Access · % of populationrecord high since 2000; 1y unchanged100%2024
- Luxembourg · Safely Managed Drinking Water · % of population24th percentile since 2000; 1y unchanged99.7%2024
- Luxembourg · Undernourishment · % of populationrecord high since 2001; 1y unchanged2.5%2024
- Luxembourg · Antidepressants: Daily Doses per 1,000 People89th percentile since 2003; lowest since 2022; 1y −4.0%59.52025
- Luxembourg · Anxiolytics (Anti-Anxiety Drugs): Daily Doses per 1,000 Peoplerecord low since 2003; 1y −8.0%21.82025
- Luxembourg · Sleeping Pills (Hypnotics and Sedatives): Daily Doses per 1,000 Peoplerecord low since 2003; 1y −13.3%31.32025
Sentiment and attention1
- Luxembourg · Search Attention65th percentile since Sep 2021; lowest since Aug 23, 2026; 1y −13.8%50 index2026-09-20
Peers
Elsewhere in Europe
Alphabetical. Palanor does not rank countries.
AlbaniaAndorraAustriaBelarusBelgiumBosnia and HerzegovinaBulgariaCroatiaCzechiaDenmarkEstoniaFaroe IslandsFinlandFranceGermanyGibraltarGreeceGuernseyHungaryIcelandIrelandIsle of ManItalyJerseyKosovoLatviaLiechtensteinLithuaniaMaltaMoldovaMonacoMontenegroNetherlandsNorth MacedoniaNorwayPolandPortugalRomaniaRussiaSan MarinoSerbiaSlovakiaSloveniaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandUkraineUnited KingdomVatican City